How to Make a Composter: 4 Different Ways

If you’re looking to reduce waste and create nutrient-rich soil for your garden, making your own composter is a fantastic option. By following a few simple steps, you can easily create a composter that will transform your kitchen scraps and yard waste into a valuable resource. In this article, we’ll guide you through the process of how to make a composter, from choosing the right materials to assembling it effectively. Get ready to turn your trash into treasure and make a positive impact on the environment all at once!

Understanding The Basics

Different types of composters

When it comes to composting, there are several different types of composters to choose from. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, so it’s important to consider your specific needs and preferences before making a decision. Some common types of composters include basket-style composters, tumbler-style composters, bin-style composters, and underground composters. Each type has its own unique design and functionality, so be sure to do your research and choose the one that best suits your composting goals.

What items you can compost

Composting is a natural process that breaks down organic waste materials into nutrient-rich compost that can be used to enrich soil. But what exactly can you compost? The answer is, a lot! Most organic materials can be composted, including fruit and vegetable scraps, coffee grounds, eggshells, yard waste, and even small amounts of paper products and cardboard. However, it’s important to avoid composting meat, dairy products, and oily foods, as these can attract pests and slow down the composting process. By following a few simple guidelines, you can ensure that your compost pile is filled with a variety of organic materials that will break down into rich, fertile compost.

Benefits of composting

Composting offers a wide range of benefits, both for the environment and for your own personal use. First and foremost, composting helps to reduce the amount of organic waste that ends up in landfills. By diverting this waste into your compost pile, you can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the strain on landfill space. Additionally, composting allows you to create your own nutrient-rich soil amendment that can be used to improve the health and fertility of your garden soil. Compost can help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and provide essential nutrients to plants, making it an excellent natural alternative to chemical fertilizers. Plus, composting can be a fun and rewarding hobby that allows you to connect with nature and contribute to a more sustainable future.

Choosing The Right Location For Your Composter

Considering sun exposure and climate

When choosing the location for your composter, it’s important to consider the amount of sunlight and the climate in your area. Most composters thrive in a location that receives at least some direct sunlight each day, as the heat helps to promote the breakdown of organic materials. However, if you live in a particularly hot climate, you may want to choose a location that provides some shade during the hottest parts of the day to prevent your compost from drying out too quickly. It’s also important to consider the amount of rainfall and the drainage in your chosen location, as too much moisture can lead to a soggy, smelly compost pile.

Ease of access

Another factor to consider when choosing the location for your composter is ease of access. You’ll want to choose a location that is easily accessible so that you can add organic materials to your compost pile on a regular basis. Ideally, your composter should be located near your kitchen or garden, making it convenient to transfer kitchen scraps or yard waste directly to the compost bin. This will save you time and effort when it comes to maintaining your compost pile and ensure that you stay motivated to continue composting.

Evaluating appropriate space size

The size of your compost pile will depend on the amount of organic waste you generate and the available space in your chosen location. It’s important to choose a location that can accommodate the size of composter you plan to build or purchase.

Basket-style and tumbler-style composters are generally smaller and more compact, making them a good option for those with limited space.

Bin-style composters can vary in size, depending on the number of compartments and the size of each compartment.

Underground composters require a larger area and may not be suitable for smaller yards. Consider the space you have available and choose a composter that fits your needs.

Proximity to home or garden

Lastly, consider the proximity of your chosen location to your home or garden. If you plan to use the compost in your garden, it’s important to have the compost pile located near your garden beds for easy access. This will make it convenient to transport the finished compost to your garden and apply it to your plants.

Additionally, having the compost pile located close to your home will make it easier to monitor and maintain, ensuring that you stay on top of regular composting tasks. Choose a location that is within a reasonable distance from your home or garden to make the most of your composting experience.

Essential Materials And Tools

Composter materials

The materials you’ll need to build a composter will depend on the type of composter you choose to construct. However, there are some common materials that are often used in the construction of composters. These include:

Some composters also require additional materials such as a composting liner or a base to keep the compost off the ground. Be sure to check the specific construction plans or instructions for your chosen composter design to determine the exact materials you’ll need.

Necessary tools for building a composter

In addition to the materials, you’ll also need a set of basic tools to build your composter. These tools may include a saw, drill, screwdriver, hammer, measuring tape, and a level. The specific tools you’ll need will depend on the construction plans or instructions for your chosen composter design. It’s important to have these tools on hand before you begin construction to ensure that the process goes smoothly and efficiently. If you don’t already have these tools, consider borrowing them from a friend or family member, or consider investing in a basic set that will come in handy for future DIY projects as well.

Additional equipment for regular maintenance

Once your composter is built and in use, there are a few additional equipment items that can be helpful for regular maintenance. These may include a compost thermometer to monitor the internal temperature of your compost pile, a compost turning tool or pitchfork to aerate the compost and mix the materials, and a compost moisture meter to monitor the moisture content of your compost pile. While these tools are not necessary for every composting system, they can be helpful for those who want to fine-tune their composting process and ensure optimal conditions for decomposition.

Choosing Your Composter Design

Basket-style composter

Basket-style composters, also known as static pile composters, are one of the simplest and most affordable types of composters to build or purchase. They consist of a basic structure, usually made of wood or plastic, with open sides and a removable lid or cover. Basket-style composters work by stacking organic materials in layers within the basket, allowing them to decompose naturally over time. These composters are a good option for those with limited space or who want a low-maintenance composting system. However, they may not be as efficient as other types of composters in terms of decomposition speed.

Tumbler-style composter

Tumbler-style composters, as the name suggests, are designed to be turned or rotated, which helps to aerate the compost and speed up the decomposition process. These composters consist of a barrel or drum that is mounted on a frame and can be rotated manually or with the use of a crank or handle. Tumbler-style composters are a popular choice for those who want a convenient and efficient composting system. The turning action helps to mix the organic materials, ensure even decomposition, and speed up the production of finished compost. These composters also tend to retain heat well, which can further accelerate decomposition.

Bin-style composter

Bin-style composters are typically made up of several compartments or bins, allowing for a multi-stage composting process. These composters are often larger in size and can accommodate a larger volume of organic materials. The compartments or bins can be used for different stages of composting, such as filling, active decomposition, and curing. Bin-style composters are a great choice for those who generate a large amount of organic waste or who want to have a continuous supply of finished compost. By dividing the composting process into stages, these composters can help ensure that the compost is thoroughly decomposed before use.

Underground composter

Underground composters are a unique and innovative option for those who want to compost without the visible presence of a compost bin or pile. These composters are installed below ground level and consist of a series of chambers or tubes that allow for the decomposition of organic materials. The underground design helps to conserve space and reduce odors, making it a great option for those with smaller yards or who want a discreet composting system. However, underground composters may require more effort to construct and maintain, as well as additional precautions to prevent the buildup of harmful gases.

Building A Basket-Style Composter

Requirements for building

To build a basket-style composter, you’ll need the following materials:

• Four wooden posts or planks for the corners of the basket
• Wooden boards or wire mesh for the sides of the basket
• Hinges, screws, or nails for assembly
• Optional: a removable lid or cover for the top of the basket

You’ll also need the following tools:

• Saw
• Drill
• Screwdriver or hammer
• Measuring tape
• Level

Constructing A Tumbler-Style Composter

Materials needed

To build a tumbler-style composter, you’ll need the following materials:

• A large barrel or drum with a removable lid
• A sturdy frame or base to support the barrel
• Hinges, screws, or bolts for assembly
• Optional: a crank, handle, or turning mechanism for rotating the barrel

You’ll also need the following tools:

• Saw
• Drill
• Screwdriver or wrench
• Measuring tape
• Level

Constructing A Bin-Style Composter

Gathering the necessary materials

To construct a bin-style composter, you’ll need the following materials:

• Wooden boards, plastic panels, or wire mesh for the sides of the bins
• Metal or wooden posts for support
• Hinges, screws, or nails for assembly
• Optional: a removable lid or cover for each bin

You’ll also need the following tools:

• Saw
• Drill
• Screwdriver or hammer
• Measuring tape
• Level

Creating An Underground Composter

Materials required

To create an underground composter, you’ll need the following materials:

• Large plastic or metal pipes or tubes with removable caps or covers
• A shovel or digging tool to excavate the ground
• Drainage materials, such as gravel or rocks
• Compost materials, including green and brown organic waste
• Optional: a composting liner to help contain the organic materials

Maintaining Your Composter

Balancing green and brown compost materials

One of the keys to successful composting is finding the right balance between green and brown compost materials. Green materials are rich in nitrogen and include things like fruit and vegetable scraps, coffee grounds, and fresh grass clippings. Brown materials are rich in carbon and include things like dried leaves, straw, and shredded paper. To maintain a healthy composting environment, it’s important to add a roughly equal amount of green and brown materials to your compost pile. This will help promote decomposition and prevent any unpleasant odors or imbalances in the compost.

Turning the compost for aeration

Aerating your compost pile is an essential part of maintaining optimal conditions for decomposition. Turning the compost helps to introduce oxygen into the pile, which is necessary for the breakdown of organic materials. You can turn your compost using a pitchfork, compost turning tool, or simply a shovel. The frequency of turning will depend on the size and stage of your compost pile, but as a general rule, turning once every one to two weeks is recommended. By regularly turning your compost, you’ll help speed up the decomposition process and create a more consistent and even distribution of compost materials.

Moisture control

Moisture is another important factor to consider when maintaining your composter. The ideal moisture level for compost is similar to that of a wrung-out sponge – damp but not overly wet. If your compost is too dry, decomposition will slow down, so it’s important to add water to keep it moist. If your compost is too wet, it may become waterlogged and begin to smell. In this case, you can add dry brown materials, such as shredded paper or dried leaves, to help absorb excess moisture. Regularly monitor the moisture level of your compost and adjust as needed to ensure optimal conditions for decomposition.

Identifying and dealing with composter issues

While composting is a relatively straightforward process, issues can sometimes arise that may require your attention. Common issues include foul odors, a slimy or mushy texture, or the presence of pests. Foul odors are often a sign of anaerobic decomposition, which occurs when the compost lacks oxygen. To remedy this, turn the compost to introduce more oxygen and consider adding more dry brown materials to absorb excess moisture. A slimy or mushy texture can indicate an imbalance in the compost, usually too much green material. Add more brown material to restore the balance. If pests, such as flies or rodents, are attracted to your compost, bury the fresh kitchen scraps deep in the pile or consider covering the compost with a layer of soil. Regular monitoring and quick action can help prevent and address these issues, ensuring that your compost remains healthy and productive.

Using Your Compost

When is compost ready to use?

Knowing when your compost is ready to use is an important part of the composting process. Finished compost should have a crumbly texture and a dark color, similar to rich, fertile soil. It should have a pleasant, earthy smell and be free of any recognizable organic materials.

The composting process can take anywhere from a few months to a year or more, depending on the size and composition of your compost pile, as well as the conditions in your environment. To determine if your compost is ready, you can perform a simple “sieve test” – pass the compost through a fine-mesh sieve or screen to remove any remaining large or uncomposted materials. If the compost easily passes through the sieve, it is likely ready to use.

Uses of compost in your garden

Compost is a valuable resource that can be used in a variety of ways to improve the health and fertility of your garden. One of the most common uses for compost is as a soil amendment. Simply mix the compost into your existing garden soil to enhance its structure, improve water retention, and increase nutrient availability.

Compost can also be used as a top dressing around your plants to provide a slow-release source of nutrients and help suppress weeds. Another option is to create compost tea by steeping compost in water and using the resulting liquid as a natural fertilizer for your plants.

Whatever the specific use, incorporating compost into your garden will help promote healthier, more productive plants and contribute to overall soil health.

Storing extra compost

If you find that you have more compost than you can currently use in your garden, there are a few options for storing the excess.

One option is to simply leave the compost in your composter until you are ready to use it. As long as the compost remains covered and well-maintained, it will continue to break down slowly over time.

Another option is to transfer the excess compost to a storage bin or container, such as a plastic or metal bin with a lid. This will help keep the compost contained and protected from the elements.

When storing compost, it’s important to keep it in a dry, well-ventilated area to prevent the growth of mold or fungi. With proper storage, your excess compost can be safely stored until you are ready to utilize it in your garden.

In Conclusion

Composting is a rewarding and eco-friendly way to reduce waste, enrich your soil, and promote a healthier environment. By understanding the basics of composting, choosing the right location for your composter, gathering essential materials and tools, and selecting the appropriate composter design, you’ll be well on your way to building and maintaining a successful composting system.

Whether you choose a basket-style, tumbler-style, bin-style, or underground composter, the key is to maintain a balance of green and brown materials, regularly turn and aerate your compost pile, monitor and adjust moisture levels, and address any issues that may arise. With time and patience, you’ll create nutrient-rich compost that can be used to nurture your garden and make a positive impact on the world around you. Happy composting!

Frequently Asked Questions